#!/usr/bin/env python3
import random


def tab_alea(n, mini=0, maxi=1e6):
    return [random.randint(mini, maxi) for _ in range(n)]


def tri_bulle(l):
    t = l[::]
    perm = True
    n = len(t)
    while perm:
        perm = False
        for j in range(0, n-1):
            if t[j] > t[j+1]:
                t[j], t[j+1] = t[j+1], t[j]
                perm = True
    return t


def indice_mini(m, i, j):
    im = i
    for k in range(i, j):
        if m[k] < m[im]:
            im = k
    return im


def tri_selection(l):
    t = l[::]
    n = len(t)
    for i in range(n):
        im = indice_mini(t, i, n)
        t[i], t[im] = t[im], t[i]
    return t


def place(x, m):
    ind = 0
    n = len(m)
    while ind<n and x>m[ind]:
        ind += 1
    return ind


def tri_insertion(l):
    t = l[::]
    n = len(t)
    triee = []
    for i in range(0, n):
        k = place(t[i], triee)
        triee = triee[:k] + [t[i]] + triee[k:]
    return triee

def tri_insertion_en_place(l):
    t = l[::]
    n = len(t)
    for i in range(0, n):
        k = 0
        while k<i and t[i]>t[k]:
            k+=1
        for j in range(i-1, k-1, -1):
            t[j+1], t[j] = t[j], t[j+1]
    return t


def fusionne(t1, t2):
    w = []
    n1 = len(t1)
    n2 = len(t2)
    ind1 = ind2 = 0
    while ind1 < n1 and ind2 < n2:
        if t1[ind1] < t2[ind2]:
            w.append(t1[ind1])
            ind1 += 1
        else:
            w.append(t2[ind2])
            ind2 +=1
    for el in t1[ind1:]+t2[ind2:]:
        w.append(el)
    return w

def tri_fusion(t):
    n = len(t)
    if n <= 1:
        return t
    else:
        return fusionne(tri_fusion(t[:n//2]), tri_fusion(t[n//2:]))

def quicksort(t):
    n = len(t)
    if n <= 1:
        return t
    else:
        pivot = t[0]
        tg, t_pivots, td = [], [], []
        for i in range(n):
            if t[i] < pivot:
                tg.append(t[i])
            elif t[i] == pivot:
                t_pivots.append(t[i])
            else:
                td.append(t[i])
        return quicksort(tg) + t_pivots + quicksort(td)